A

30-year-old woman has been ill for a year. She has recently developed pain in

her joints accompanied by swelling and redness around them. The provisional

diagnosis is rheumatoid arthritis. Which structurally altered protein in the

connective tissue caused the disease? 

A 38-year-old

patient is diagnosed with early-stage

rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory marker in the blood serum is the most

important for diagnosing this condition?

A 4-year-old child with signs of prolonged

protein starvation is admitted to the hospital. The symptoms include growth restriction,

anemia, edema (pl. edemata), and developmental delay. What is the leading cause

of edema development?

A patient with diabetes mellitus lost consciousness and developed

convulsions after an insulin

injection. What concentration of glucose

Amanitin poisoning from the

death cap mushroom (=

A woman who had

been strictly following the rice diet

for a long time was diagnosed with beriberi.

Which vitamin deficiency is responsible for the development of this disease?

After the removal of

a patient's gallbladder, the process of calcium absorption through the

intestinal wall was disturbed. Which vitamin stimulates this process? 

A 10-year-old girl frequently suffers from acute

respiratory infections and has multiple petechial hemorrhages in areas where

her clothes cause friction. Which vitamin deficiency is present in this case?

ECG of a 44-year-old patient shows signs of hypertrophy affecting both

ventricles and the right atrium. The patient is diagnosed with tricuspid valve

insufficiency. Which type of cardiac dysfunction is usually observed in such

cases?  

A 43-year-old patient presents with the following symptoms:

thrombopenia,

fibrinogen reduction, the presence of fibrin degradation products in blood,

petechial hemorrhages, and septic shock. What is the most likely cause of these

changes?