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MedTech

Ubuntu (MDU) is a South African medical technology manufacturer producing

portable diagnostic screening devices used in rural clinics and public

hospitals across Sub-Saharan Africa.

At

the 2026 strategic planning meeting, the Marketing Director of MDU expressed

concern about the reported profitability of the VitaScan Pro product line.  She

questioned whether the current method of allocating fixed manufacturing

overheads (FMO) fairly reflects the actual consumption of resources by each

product.

She

stated:

“HealthLite

monitors are produced in much higher volumes than VitaScan Pro. It does not

seem reasonable that VitaScan Pro absorbs such a large portion of fixed

overheads when HealthLite is manufactured in far greater quantities.”

The

management accountant then recommended a review of the costing system. You were

consulted as an expert in

Activity

-Based Costing (ABC) to reassess how fixed

manufacturing overheads should be allocated.

Production

Plan for 2026

·      

VitaScan

Pro units produced: 24 000 

·      

HealthLite

monitor units produced: 48 000

·      

Total

budgeted fixed manufacturing overheads (FMO): R12 600 000

 

An

analysis of the underlying activities for the upcoming 2026 financial year

identified the following relationships between the total budgeted FMO of

R12

600 000

and the key production activities:

 

Activity

VitaScan

Pro

HealthLite

Total Allocation of FMO

R

Precision assembly and calibration

7minutes per unit

3 minutes per unit

5 670

000

Equipment reconfiguration and system

adjustments

1 setup per

1 500 units

1 setup per 2500 units

3 780 000

Regulatory compliance and clinical

validation testing

1 validation test on every 5th

unit manufactured

 

1 validation test on every 8th

unit manufactured

 

3 150 000

The

precision assembly and calibration costs allocated to HealthLite is (rounded to two decimals) R__________.

0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
Переглянути це питання

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MedTech

Ubuntu (MDU) is a South African medical technology manufacturer producing

portable diagnostic screening devices used in rural clinics and public

hospitals across Sub-Saharan Africa.

At

the 2026 strategic planning meeting, the Marketing Director of MDU expressed

concern about the reported profitability of the VitaScan Pro product line.  She

questioned whether the current method of allocating fixed manufacturing

overheads (FMO) fairly reflects the actual consumption of resources by each

product.

She

stated:

“HealthLite

monitors are produced in much higher volumes than VitaScan Pro. It does not

seem reasonable that VitaScan Pro absorbs such a large portion of fixed

overheads when HealthLite is manufactured in far greater quantities.”

The

management accountant then recommended a review of the costing system. You were

consulted as an expert in

Activity

-Based Costing (ABC) to reassess how fixed

manufacturing overheads should be allocated.

Production

Plan for 2026

·      

VitaScan

Pro units produced: 24 000 

·      

HealthLite

monitor units produced: 48 000

·      

Total

budgeted fixed manufacturing overheads (FMO): R12 600 000

 

An

analysis of the underlying activities for the upcoming 2026 financial year

identified the following relationships between the total budgeted FMO of

R12

600 000

and the key production activities:

 

Activity

VitaScan

Pro

HealthLite

Total Allocation of FMO

R

Precision assembly and calibration

7minutes per unit

3 minutes per unit

5 670

000

Equipment reconfiguration and system

adjustments

1 setup per

1 500 units

1 setup per 2500 units

3 780 000

Regulatory compliance and clinical

validation testing

1 validation test on every 5th

unit manufactured

 

1 validation test on every 8th

unit manufactured

 

3 150 000

The

precision assembly and calibration costs allocated to HealthLite is (rounded to two decimals) R__________.

0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
Переглянути це питання

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MedTech

Ubuntu (MDU) is a South African medical technology manufacturer producing

portable diagnostic screening devices used in rural clinics and public

hospitals across Sub-Saharan Africa.

At

the 2026 strategic planning meeting, the Marketing Director of MDU expressed

concern about the reported profitability of the VitaScan Pro product line.  She

questioned whether the current method of allocating fixed manufacturing

overheads (FMO) fairly reflects the actual consumption of resources by each

product.

She

stated:

“HealthLite

monitors are produced in much higher volumes than VitaScan Pro. It does not

seem reasonable that VitaScan Pro absorbs such a large portion of fixed

overheads when HealthLite is manufactured in far greater quantities.”

The

management accountant then recommended a review of the costing system. You were

consulted as an expert in

Activity

-Based Costing (ABC) to reassess how fixed

manufacturing overheads should be allocated.

Production

Plan for 2026

·      

VitaScan

Pro units produced: 24 000 

·      

HealthLite

monitor units produced: 48 000

·      

Total

budgeted fixed manufacturing overheads (FMO): R12 600 000

 

An

analysis of the underlying activities for the upcoming 2026 financial year

identified the following relationships between the total budgeted FMO of

R12

600 000

and the key production activities:

 

Activity

VitaScan

Pro

HealthLite

Total Allocation of FMO

R

Precision assembly and calibration

7minutes per unit

3 minutes per unit

5 670

000

Equipment reconfiguration and system

adjustments

1 setup per

1 500 units

1 setup per 2500 units

3 780 000

Regulatory compliance and clinical

validation testing

1 validation test on every 5th

unit manufactured

 

1 validation test on every 8th

unit manufactured

 

3 150 000

The

precision assembly and calibration costs allocated to HealthLite is (rounded to two decimals) R__________.

0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
Переглянути це питання

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// -->

MedTech

Ubuntu (MDU) is a South African medical technology manufacturer producing

portable diagnostic screening devices used in rural clinics and public

hospitals across Sub-Saharan Africa.

At

the 2026 strategic planning meeting, the Marketing Director of MDU expressed

concern about the reported profitability of the VitaScan Pro product line.  She

questioned whether the current method of allocating fixed manufacturing

overheads (FMO) fairly reflects the actual consumption of resources by each

product.

She

stated:

“HealthLite

monitors are produced in much higher volumes than VitaScan Pro. It does not

seem reasonable that VitaScan Pro absorbs such a large portion of fixed

overheads when HealthLite is manufactured in far greater quantities.”

The

management accountant then recommended a review of the costing system. You were

consulted as an expert in

Activity

-Based Costing (ABC) to reassess how fixed

manufacturing overheads should be allocated.

Production

Plan for 2026

·      

VitaScan

Pro units produced: 24 000 

·      

HealthLite

monitor units produced: 48 000

·      

Total

budgeted fixed manufacturing overheads (FMO): R12 600 000

 

An

analysis of the underlying activities for the upcoming 2026 financial year

identified the following relationships between the total budgeted FMO of

R12

600 000

and the key production activities:

 

Activity

VitaScan

Pro

HealthLite

Total Allocation of FMO

R

Precision assembly and calibration

7minutes per unit

3 minutes per unit

5 670

000

Equipment reconfiguration and system

adjustments

1 setup per

1 500 units

1 setup per 2500 units

3 780 000

Regulatory compliance and clinical

validation testing

1 validation test on every 5th

unit manufactured

 

1 validation test on every 8th

unit manufactured

 

3 150 000

The

precision assembly and calibration costs allocated to HealthLite is (rounded to two decimals) R__________.

0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
Переглянути це питання

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// -->

MedTech

Ubuntu (MDU) is a South African medical technology manufacturer producing

portable diagnostic screening devices used in rural clinics and public

hospitals across Sub-Saharan Africa.

At

the 2026 strategic planning meeting, the Marketing Director of MDU expressed

concern about the reported profitability of the VitaScan Pro product line.  She

questioned whether the current method of allocating fixed manufacturing

overheads (FMO) fairly reflects the actual consumption of resources by each

product.

She

stated:

“HealthLite

monitors are produced in much higher volumes than VitaScan Pro. It does not

seem reasonable that VitaScan Pro absorbs such a large portion of fixed

overheads when HealthLite is manufactured in far greater quantities.”

The

management accountant then recommended a review of the costing system. You were

consulted as an expert in

Activity

-Based Costing (ABC) to reassess how fixed

manufacturing overheads should be allocated.

Production

Plan for 2026

·      

VitaScan

Pro units produced: 24 000 

·      

HealthLite

monitor units produced: 48 000

·      

Total

budgeted fixed manufacturing overheads (FMO): R12 600 000

 

An

analysis of the underlying activities for the upcoming 2026 financial year

identified the following relationships between the total budgeted FMO of

R12

600 000

and the key production activities:

 

Activity

VitaScan

Pro

HealthLite

Total Allocation of FMO

R

Precision assembly and calibration

7minutes per unit

3 minutes per unit

5 670

000

Equipment reconfiguration and system

adjustments

1 setup per

1 500 units

1 setup per 2500 units

3 780 000

Regulatory compliance and clinical

validation testing

1 validation test on every 5th

unit manufactured

 

1 validation test on every 8th

unit manufactured

 

3 150 000

The

precision assembly and calibration costs allocated to HealthLite is (rounded to two decimals) R__________.

0%
0%
100%
0%
0%
Переглянути це питання

Savanna Glow (Pty) Ltd manufactures two organic skincare products and is preparing its sales forecast for the next quarter (April–June 2025).

The marketing team provided the following estimates:

Product

Expected monthly sales (Units)

Selling price per unit (R)

Body Butter

6 000

250

Face Serum

4 000

400

 

Additional information:

  • Sales volumes are expected to increase by 15% in June only.
  • A promotional campaign in May offers customers a 10% price reduction.
  • 75% of sales are collected immediately, while 25% are sold on credit.
  • 50% of the credit sales are collected in 30 days while 30% are collected in 60 days and the remaining 20% is collected within 90 days

Choose the correct statement 
0%
0%
0%
100%
Переглянути це питання

Savanna Glow (Pty) Ltd

manufactures two organic skincare

products and is preparing its sales forecast for the next quarter (April–June

2025).

The marketing team provided the

following estimates:

Product

Expected monthly sales (Units)

Selling price per unit (R)

Body Butter

6 000

250

Face Serum

4 000

400

 

Additional information:

  • Sales

    volumes are expected to increase by 15% in June only.

  • A

    promotional campaign in May offers customers a 10% price reduction.

  • 75% of

    sales are collected immediately, while 25% are sold on credit.

  • 50% of

    the credit sales are collected in 30 days while 30% are collected in 60

    days and the remaining 20% is collected within 90 days

 The total budgeted cash sales

for the

quarter of Savannah Glow is R________

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uBisi Dairies (Pty) Ltd is a South African organic dairy processor based in KwaZulu-Natal. The company purchases raw organic milk from local farmers and processes the milk through a joint manufacturing process. Joint costs are allocated to the joint products using the physical measures method (litres).

uBisi uses the absorption costing system and values inventories using the FIFO method. uBisi has a 31 March financial year-end and budgeted to operate for 28 days during February 2026.

Production process

Raw milk is received, tested, chilled and pasteurised. During separation, the process yields three separately identifiable outputs at the split-off point:

  • Full-Cream Milk (FCM)
  • Low-Fat Milk (LFM)
  • Cream (CRM) (incidental to the process)

 Extract from the budget information for the month of February 2026

Details

Notes

Amount

Joint Production cost

 

 

·       Raw Milk

 

R10,50 per litre

·       Direct Labour

 

R5,10 per litre

·       Production overheads

 

R2,90 per litre

Further processing costs

1.2

?

Packaging costs

1.3

?

Selling Prices

1.3

?

Variable Selling costs

1.3

?

 

Additional information

1.1    The plant budgeted to process 80 000 litres of raw milk a day. The standard yield of the joint 

process is that each litre of raw milk produces one litre of finished dairy product at the split-off point, distributed as follows:

·       55% Full cream milk (FCM)

·       40% Low-Fat Milk (LFM)

·       5% Cream (CRM)

1.2    After the split-off point, Full-Cream Milk and Low-Fat Milk require further processing. Full-Cream

Milk requires 4 machine minutes per litre, and Low-Fat Milk requires 3 machine minutes per litre. Machine processing costs amount to R140 per machine hour. Cream does not require any further processing.

1.3  Selling price and other costs

Detail

FCM

R

LFM

R

CRM

R

Budgeted selling price

45,00

40,00

28,00

Packaging cost

0,70

0,65

0,50

Variable selling and distribution

1,20

1,10

1,80

In answering Question 17 only, assume

that:

(i)    the total budgeted joint costs allocated to

the Low-Fat Milk (LFM) product were R16 000 000.

(ii)   the budgeted yields in litres were

1 320 000; 960 000; and 120 000 for FCM; LFM; and CRM,     

      

respectively; and

(iii)  all other information remains as

given.

The budgeted total gross profit of the Low-Fat

Milk (LFM) product type (round the final answer to two decimal places) for

March 2026 would be _______.

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uBisi Dairies (Pty) Ltd is a South African organic dairy processor based in KwaZulu-Natal. The company purchases raw organic milk from local farmers and processes the milk through a joint manufacturing process. Joint costs are allocated to the joint products using the physical measures method (litres).

uBisi uses the absorption costing system and values inventories using the FIFO method. uBisi has a 31 March financial year-end and budgeted to operate for 28 days during February 2026.

Production process

Raw milk is received, tested, chilled and pasteurised. During separation, the process yields three separately identifiable outputs at the split-off point:

  • Full-Cream Milk (FCM)
  • Low-Fat Milk (LFM)
  • Cream (CRM) (incidental to the process)

 Extract from the budget information for the month of February 2026

Details

Notes

Amount

Joint Production cost

 

 

·       Raw Milk

 

R10,50 per litre

·       Direct Labour

 

R5,10 per litre

·       Production overheads

 

R2,90 per litre

Further processing costs

1.2

?

Packaging costs

1.3

?

Selling Prices

1.3

?

Variable Selling costs

1.3

?

 

Additional information

1.1    The plant budgeted to process 80 000 litres of raw milk a day. The standard yield of the joint 

process is that each litre of raw milk produces one litre of finished dairy product at the split-off point, distributed as follows:

·       55% Full cream milk (FCM)

·       40% Low-Fat Milk (LFM)

·       5% Cream (CRM)

1.2    After the split-off point, Full-Cream Milk and Low-Fat Milk require further processing. Full-Cream

Milk requires 4 machine minutes per litre, and Low-Fat Milk requires 3 machine minutes per litre. Machine processing costs amount to R140 per machine hour. Cream does not require any further processing.

1.3  Selling price and other costs

Detail

FCM

R

LFM

R

CRM

R

Budgeted selling price

45,00

40,00

28,00

Packaging cost

0,70

0,65

0,50

Variable selling and distribution

1,20

1,10

0,80

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In answering Question 16 only, assume

that:

(i)    the total budgeted joint costs to be

allocated to the joint products were

R37 500 000.

(ii)   the budgeted yields in litres were 1 330 000;

950 000; and 120 000 for Full-Cream Milk (FCM).  

    

  Low-Fat Milk (LFM); and Cream (CRM),

respectively; and

(iii)  all other information remains as

given.

 

The joint costs allocated to the

Full-Cream Milk (FCM) product type (round the final answer to two decimal

places) as reflected in the budgeted income statement for March 2026 would be

_______.

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