A 14-year-old boy presents to the Emergency department with an an acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma after exercise. Based on this diagnosis, which combination of changes in residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC) are expected in this patient?

A 26 year old gentleman expires forcibly with closed glottis (Valsalva’s maneuver).

What is the expected Intrapleural pressure?

A 50 year old man visits the dermatologist with painful skin blisters, the physician examines him and finds that he has herpes zoster virus infection.

Which neurological structure the virus is dormant at?

A 43-year-old man with a complaint of sharp, localized pain over the thoracic wall is diagnosed with pleural effusion. Through which intercostal space along the midaxillary line is it most appropriate to insert a chest tube to drain the effusion fluid?

A 55-year-old female is admitted to the hospital with difficulty breathing. Radiographic examination reveals a tumor invading the lung surface anterior to the hilum. Which nerve is most likely compressed by the tumor to result in dyspnea?

A 45 year old woman visits the neurologist with sensation of numbness in her hand. Investigations show that her peripheral nerves are compressed, and the myelin sheath is affected.

Which is the single most cell that secretes the affected sheath?

Five healthy men participating in a pulmonary function study are each asked to modify their tidal volume (TV) and respiration rate (RR) for 2 minutes. Which volunteer has the lowest alveolar ventilation (mL/min) during this time?

A 30 year old gentleman breathes quietly under resting conditions. An intra-esophageal balloon is used for measuring his intrapleural pressure. What is the expected Intra-alveolar pressure at the end of inspiration, and end of expiration respectively?

A newborn baby is being examined shortly after birth. The physician explains to the parents that significant changes in the baby’s circulation have just occurred. Which of the following changes is most likely to happen immediately after birth?

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