According to the African perspective, ---------------- is a mixed syndrome characterised by psychosis, hysteria, auditory and tactile hallucinations, and destructive and aggressive behaviour.

Which ONE of the following is INCORRECTLY matched to the

relevant DSM-5-TR criterion for Alcohol Use Disorder?

Tshilidzi (23) reports fluctuating mood patterns over the past two years. He experiences periods of increased energy and decreased need for sleep lasting several days, followed by periods of low mood, fatigue, and poor concentration. None of these episodes has met the full criteria for hypomania or major depression. The mood changes have occurred more than half the time, without a symptom-free period exceeding two months. There is no history of psychosis, mania, or substance use.

Which diagnosis best fits this clinical picture?

Charles, an 8-year-old child

assigned male at birth, has consistently expressed a desire to be a girl. Over

the past 7 months, her caregivers report that she insists she is a girl and

becomes distressed when referred to by her birth name or male pronouns. Charles

prefers to wear dresses and often pretends to be a mother or a princess during

fantasy play. She shows a strong preference for playing with girls and avoids

rough-and-tumble play with boys. Her parents report that she becomes upset

during bath time and avoids looking at her genitalia. Teachers note that

Charles has started withdrawing in class and is being teased by peers, impacting

her school performance.

Which

of the following symptoms in the case best satisfies Criterion A1 of DSM-5-TR

for Gender Dysphoria in Children?

------------------------

refers to the process of describing, assessing, and understanding the

possibility that one might be experiencing a mental disorder.

A grade 6 teacher was marking an assignment when she realised that Jemimah’s exercise book had hair. Every page she flipped from the book contained strands of hair. Some pages were oily, presumably from the hair moisturiser. The following day, the teacher went to Jeminah’s desk and noticed that it was covered with strands of hair. Jeminah’s scalp was dry, with lesions and signs of hair loss. The teacher recommended to her parents that she visit a hospital for assistance. While giving history to the psychiatrist in the hospital, Jeminah’s parents revealed that she started pulling her hair out when she was only three years old and efforts to discourage the behaviour, as well as the medication they tried, could not help. Jeminah is now 11 years old and continues to pull her hair from her scalp. This led to the psychiatrist diagnosing Jeminah with-----------------.

An older male client reports repeatedly seeing a small child standing in the corner of the room, even though others do not see anything.

This is most likely an example of a:

Frank was on his way to campus

when a group of four armed men encircled and dispossessed him of his laptop,

cell phone and a wallet with bank cards. Since this incident, Frank has

struggled to cope with academic work and has experienced a drop in

marks. In the same month that he was robbed, Frank also missed three important

lectures, which significantly contributed to the drop in his marks. Which of

the following factors can be used to judge abnormal behaviour in Frank’s

behaviour?  

Amos is a 26-year-old newly qualified teacher. Amos promised her girlfriend that he was going to marry her in December. Each time he speaks about the planned wedding, he exaggerates its importance by boasting to his colleagues that he is planning to have a lavish wedding that would only be attended by very important guests. Amos is flirtatious and wears colourful, branded and revealing clothing that makes him the centre of attention. Each time he is scheduled to address learners during assembly, he becomes extremely excited as he enjoys being listened to, even though his speech tends to lack detail and is out of context. He speaks with an elevated accent and an exaggerated expression of emotion and dramatised non-verbal cues that often do not correspond with his speech. Amos’ singing cannot earn him a wooden trophy, even if he were to hire a vocal coach. However, during assembly, he makes it a point to sings louder than everyone so that he is noticeable. Assessing Amos’ behaviour, the school psychologist can conclude that he has a---------------------.

Omphile (28) and Denzil (36) have

been dating for a year. While they did not live together until the third month

into their relationship, Omphile frequented Denzil’s house and spent most of

her weekends with him. Denzil works as a cross-border bus driver and sometimes spends

weekends away from home as he often needs to take long trips to Lesotho and

Botswana. Since living together about nine months ago, Denzil noted that each

time he is scheduled to go away for work, Omphile starts complaining about

severe headaches, chest pains and struggles to fall asleep at night. Whenever Denzil

is away with work, Omphile experiences difficulties managing work deadlines, which

often gets her in trouble with her manager. Omphile spends most of her time on

the phone trying to check on Denzil with excessive worry that something

terrible will happen to him. Denzil has become aware of Omphile’s “needy”

behaviour and claims that this is becoming annoying as he always needs to take

Omphile’s endless phone calls. On one occasion, his colleagues made a joke

about him for being “under the surveillance” of his girlfriend. Angered by

Omphile’s behaviour, Denzil gave her an ultimatum to see a clinical

psychologist for assistance; failing to do so would result in him ending the

relationship. The clinical psychologist is likely to diagnose Omphile

with-------------.

(i)            

(ii)           

(iii)         

(iv)         

The symptoms of which need to

persist for at least

(v)          

(vi)         

(vii)        

(viii)      

Six

weeks and more.

The correct answer is: