Allosteric regulation requires molecules to bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme to regulate the enzyme activity.

Temperature has no influence on enzyme activity.

Acidity (low pH) will always result in enzyme inactivity.

The concentration of glucose stimulates glucokinase activity in the liver to continuously breakdown glucose even when blood glucose supply to other organs is low.

p value = 0.061

p value = 0.045

p value = 0.059

p value = 0.06

 Fatigue is largely absent because the Wingate test duration is too short for metabolic changes.

Peak power output occurs in the first few seconds due to rapid ATP-PCr utilization, after which anaerobic glycolysis provides energy; power output declines as phosphagen stores deplete and lactic acid buildup increases muscle fatigue.

 Power output remains constant throughout as the test solely utilizes aerobic metabolism, minimizing fatigue.

Following initial ATP depletion, fatty acid oxidation predominates and sustains maximal power output until 30 seconds.

Glycolytic system

Carbohydrate oxidation

Fat oxidation

Phosphagen system

Are activated by fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells

Are spontaneously activated during exercise

Are activated upon muscle damage by macrophages

Are activated by inflammatory cytokines and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells

Is both exergonic and endothermic reactions

Is both an endergonic and exothermic reaction

Is an exergonic reaction

Is an endothermic reaction

Positional tendons are stiffer, have lower GAG content, and a lower risk of injury than energy storage tendons.

Energy storage tendons have higher GAG content and lower injury risk compared to positional tendons.

Positional tendons, such as the Achilles tendon, are more compliant and at higher risk of injury.

Energy storage tendons are stiffer and have lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content than positional tendons.

Can be altered by high-intensity exercise

Can be altered by endurance exercise

Is determined at birth and cannot be altered

Can be altered with strict diet

Creatine kinase levels decrease

Creatine kinase starts to breakdown within muscle fibres

Creatine kinase levels increase

There is no effect on the levels of creatine kinase

Tendon stiffness and Young's modulus both refer to the ratio of stress to strain with no difference in physical meaning.

 Tendon stiffness can only be measured during passive stretching and not during dynamic activities like running.

Tendon stiffness is defined as the ratio of extension to force applied and is independent of the tendon’s cross-sectional area.

Tendon stiffness is the ratio of applied force (N) to the extension (m) produced, while the modulus describes the relationship of stress to strain.