A 17-year-old patient came with her mother to the Gynecology clinic today, she complains of never getting her menstrual cycle till now (1ry amenorrhea), the consultant ordered a genetic testing, the results concluded that the patient is Turner Syndrome,

What do you expect of the genetic testing result of the patient?

A 32-year-old pregnant patient came to the Obstetrics clinic today, she is pregnant in her 9^th month, she began to feel uterine contractions since two hours,

What is the hormone responsible for the contraction of the uterine myometrium during labor?

An obstetrician is performing an ultrasound to a pregnant female who wants to know the sex of the baby. The doctor explains to his assistant that during fetal growth, if the baby is a boy, a hormone is secreted to prevent the formation of the female genital tract.

        Which is the single most hormone the physician is referring to?

A 45 year old woman visits her family physician with bone aches and lab investigations that show low levels of vitamin D and calcium. She mentions that although she eats food rich in calcium well, her calcium level is always below normal. The physician advises her to take vitamin D supplementation.

         What is the most likely effect of the supplement in her condition?

A 25 year old man visits the family physician as he notices that he has increased thirst and increased urination frequency, investigations show elevated blood glucose level. He mentions that he takes growth hormones injections at the gym and the physician advises him to stop the injections immediately.

        What is the most likely metabolic effect of the injections in this condition?

A 58 year old man is diagnosed with type 2 DM for 15 years, he visits the neurologist with diminished sensation in his hands and legs. Examination shows loss of pain sensation from distal parts of his upper and lower limbs.

Which is the most likely pathophysiological mechanism of his condition?

A 40 year old man is diagnosed with drug-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

    What are the most likely lab investigations that confirmed his diagnosis?

A 55 year old man is receiving antihypertensive treatment acting on autonomic receptors.

     What is the most probable set of the prescribed drugs?

A 19-year-old woman presents with increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. She is of normal weight and has no significant medical history. Genetic testing reveals a mutation consistent with Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young (MODY).

What is the most likely mode of inheritance for this patient's condition?

A researcher is studying the structure and function of the cortisol receptor. After introducing a genetic mutation in a specific domain of the receptor, they observe that cortisol can no longer bind to it.

Which single receptor domain is most likely affected by this mutation?