continuous chip

built-up chip

partially discontinuous chip

discontinuous chip

only cutting insert is made of carbide-based cermet as a small plate that is coated with wear-resistant coating and mechanically fastened onto the body of the blade

whole cutting tool is made of carbide-based cermet

cutting plate is made by centrifugal casting method and brazed to the body of the blade

primary motion - rotation of workpiece, feed motion - motion along the axis of the drill

primary motion - rotation of the workpiece, feed motion - spinning motion of the grindstone

primary motion - rotation of the drill, feed motion - motion along the axis of the drill

primary motion - rotation of the drill, feed motion - drill's motion in horizontal direction

cutter is given rotating primary motion and the workpiece is in feeding motion extending along its axis

the workpiece is given rotating cutting motion and the cutter is in feeding motion extending along the axis of the workpiece

the workpiece is given periodic back and forth cutting motion and the cutter is in feeding motion extending along the axis of the workpiece

the workpiece is given rotating cutting motion and the cutter is in circular rotating feed motion

spread only at the  surface near the processed area;  the hardness and strength of the processed surface reduces

in the material at the tip of the blade, in chips, surface near the processed area. Hardness and strength of the machined surface increases

only at the tip of the blade in processed material; doesn't influence hardness and strength of machined surface 

0,50-0,52%

0,41-0,43%

0,18-0,20%

increase of the hydrogen detrimental effect

all mentioned

narrower heat affected zone

decrease in the cooling rate and cracking risk

all mentioned

to predict stainless steel weld metal structure

to choose the appropriate additive metal for welding stainless steels

to predict stainless steel and carbon steel joint's weld metal structure