Summarisation

   Paraphrase

   Reflection of content

    Reflection of feeling

Focusing

 Empathy

  Sympathy

Trusting

unwise to suggest counselling as she will not benefit from it because she is a counsellor and already knows how to deal with her own problems.

 acting ethically by recommending counselling for Mokgadi; as counsellors, they recognise that personal issues that have not been worked through are likely to be projected onto clients.

 being unsupportive; since they are aware of her situation, they should offer to provide counselling to her and not refer her to a professional outside of the agency

  overreacting to her anger and are overstepping the boundaries by suggesting she go for counselling.

    encourage clients to give detailed answers.

 manipulate clients to give the correct answer.

 can be answered with a “Yes” or a “No”.

usually begin with “Who” “What” “Where” “When” or “Why”.

Sympathy

Focusing

Trusting

Empathy

Trust

Acceptance

The other three options are all correct

Warmth

  “So, you feel undermined when she speaks to you with a raised voice”.

   The other three options provided are all correct.

   “(Pause)…I can imagine how tired you feel right now”.

  “You are really hurting right now”.

   What do you mean?

  Tell me more

 It sounds like you are feeling sad.

  Did you mean to say that you are finished with the relationship?

 Advanced accurate empathy.

 Congruence, genuineness, authenticity.

 Respect and warmth.

  The other three options provided are all correct.

    The conditions within a client that allow the client to work on his or her problems (conditions such as insight, identification of feelings, problem-solving skills, and immediacy).

 The various personal characteristics or behaviours that the counsellor or therapist brings to, and incorporates into, the helping relationship (such as congruence, genuineness, concreteness, and warmth).

  The conditions necessary to promote client change (such as exploration of issues, client motivation, instillation of hope, and empathic understanding).

     The conditions within a counselling office necessary for a client's comfort, such as comfortable furniture, a good room temperature, muted lighting, and counsellor friendliness.