A translator refuses to simplify technical terminology despite a commissioner’s request for accessibility, arguing that oversimplification distorts disciplinary integrity. This conflict illustrates tension between:

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A translation achieves strong communicative impact but departs structurally from the ST. Within a teleological framework, this translation is best described as:

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If equivalence attempts to stabilize meaning and Skopos reorients evaluation toward purpose, then teleological theory:

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A translator produces two equally coherent TTs under two different commissions. Both are internally consistent and strategically justified. Which statement most accurately reflects the teleological position?

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A translator renders “It is not uncommon” as “It is common.” They justify this by claiming that the target language avoids double negation in formal writing. Which Vinay & Darbelnet procedure is most accurately illustrated?

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A translator produces a version aligned with skopos but later realizes the purpose marginalizes certain readers. This scenario most directly foregrounds:

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Two versions of the same legal notice are produced:

– Version A strictly mirrors source syntax.

– Version B reorganizes information to suit target legal conventions.

Under Skopos theory, evaluation depends primarily on:

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A translator chooses to retain syntactic tension in the TT even though a smoother construction is available. They explain that the marked structure is necessary to preserve interpretive resistance. At which analytical level does this decision primarily operate?

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Which TWO risks remain even if Version 2 is “adequate” under Commission B?

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Context (shared stem for Tasks 21–25):

You are commissioned to translate a short public speech by a government official during social unrest. The English source contains: (i) emotionally charged metaphors (“restore order,” “protect stability”); (ii) implicit framing of protesters as disruptive; (iii) ambiguous references to “external influences”; (iv) formal rhetorical tone.

Two commissions are possible:

• Commission A: translation for an international diplomatic audience; objective: maintain official tone and credibility.
• Commission B: translation for a human rights NGO publication; objective: expose rhetorical framing and ideological positioning.

Two drafts exist:

• Version 1: preserves tone, metaphors, and ambiguity; lexically faithful, rhetorically smooth.
• Version 2: introduces clarifying lexical shifts (“restore order” → “reassert state control”), reduces ambiguity, foregrounds ideological implications.

Under Skopos theory, which statement is most accurate?

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