intervention strategies should address both visible and hidden aspects of an organization

the hidden elements of an organization cannot be changed as they are too deeply rooted in the organization’s culture

the observable elements of an organization can be changed

some members have behaviors and ideas that are frozen or unchangeable

answers c and d

the educational level of employees

disregarding second-order consequences

the integrative use of several strategies

select one specific strategy and stay with it until the change has been accomplished.

choosing the one that will optimize profits

consider the interdependence between subsystems

none of the above

disregard overt and covert subsystems as they are usually incidental to structure

study the overt activity and disregard covert activities

interview each of the organization’s members

redefine the way jobs are designed to enable jobs to accommodate new machinery

motivate employees through team building

answers a and c

review and improve interpersonal relationships between organization members

improve the framework that relates elements of the organization to one another

survey feedback

questionnaires and surveys

intervention strategies

a change in people and structure

a change in technology