A project manager notices that the actual cost (AC) of a software project is $80,000, the planned value (PV) is $100,000, and the earned value (EV) is $75,000 after 3 months. Based on Earned Value Management (EVM), what is the project's status?

During sprint planning for a healthcare management system, the development team estimated User Story A as 8 story points and User Story B as 13 story points. The team's velocity from the last three sprints averaged 40 story points per sprint. How should the Scrum Master handle sprint commitment if there are 5 more stories totaling 25 points?

A project manager is using COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) to estimate effort for a new e-commerce website. The estimated lines of code is 50,000 (50 KLOC) and the project is classified as "Semi-detached" mode. If the effort equation is E = 3.0 × (KLOC)^1.12, approximately how many person-months of effort are required?

XYZ Corporation is developing a mobile app with uncertain requirements and needs frequent client feedback. The project manager must choose between Agile and Waterfall methodologies. The client wants to see working features every 2-3 weeks and may change priorities based on market trends. Which approach should the project manager select?

A software development team is using the Waterfall model for a banking application project. The requirements phase took 2 months, but during the design phase, the client requested major changes to the authentication system. What is the PRIMARY disadvantage the team will face?

A software engineering team is developing a real-time trading system for a financial institution. The system must process thousands of transactions per second while maintaining 99.99% uptime. However, the client frequently requests new features and regulatory changes require system updates every few months. Which software attribute presents the greatest challenge in this scenario and why

A startup is developing a revolutionary healthcare application where requirements are likely to change frequently based on user feedback, regulatory updates, and emerging medical research. The project has high uncertainty, limited initial funding, but needs to demonstrate value quickly to investors. Which development approach would be most appropriate and why?

According to Lehman's Laws of Software Evolution, a software development team notices their system is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain and modify. Which combination of Lehman's laws best explains this phenomenon and what should be the team's primary focus?