Myofibrils

The basal lamina of muscle fibres

The plasmalemma

T-tubules

13 KJ

13 Watts/kg

13 Watts

13 kg/Watts

Krebs cycle

Electron transport chain

Phosphagen system

Oxidative glycolysis

By decreasing the blood supply to muscles, which helps in recovery.

By donating nuclei to muscle fibers, increasing their capacity for protein synthesis.

By removing waste products from the muscle tissue.

By converting into fat cells that support muscle tissue.

 Viscoelasticity in tendon protects against all forms of mechanical fatigue regardless of magnitude or frequency of load.

Viscoelastic creep causes time-dependent elongation; if repair lags behind micro-damage accumulation—especially in poorly vascularized regions—localized tendinopathy may occur.

Viscoelastic creep leads to sustained strain and redistribution of load, minimizing micro-damage and stimulating hyaline cartilage transformation.

Stress relaxation in tendon viscoelasticity results in increased instantaneous stiffness and reduced overall deformation under constant strain.

Plasma glucose

Muscle glycogen

Muscle triglycerides

Plasma free fatty acids

Eccentric

Concentric

Both concentric and isometric

Isometric

Glycolysis

The electron transport chain

Pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction

The Krebs cycle

30.5 kJ/mol

25.5 kJ/mol

40.5 kJ/mol

38.5 kJ/mol