Urbanization replaces

natural permeable surfaces with impervious cover, which reduces infiltration

and groundwater recharge

In urban areas,

precipitation volumes are significantly lower than in nearby rural areas due to

the heat island effect repelling rain clouds

The water cycle remains

unchanged because stormwater pipe networks perfectly replicate the natural

drainage function of streams and wetlands

Urbanization increases

transpiration rates because buildings and roads absorb more solar radiation

than forests

Urbanization increases groundwater recharge because paved

surfaces direct water efficiently into the soil.

Canopy cover has no measurable effect on

building energy consumption.

Root systems of urban trees always improve the

structural integrity of underground utilities.

Increased canopy cover reduces the urban heat

island intensity, lowers stormwater runoff via interception and

evapotranspiration, and improves air quality through particulate deposition.

Urban trees primarily reduce flooding by

increasing soil imperviousness.

A 15% increase in canopy cover will eliminate

the need for stormwater detention basins and increase the urban heat island

intensity

It eliminates the need

for any concrete or steel in infrastructure projects, resulting in

cost-effective long-term solutions.

It reduces construction

time by replacing all engineered components with vegetation.

It focuses solely on

improving biodiversity with no structural performance benefit for humans.

It is mandated by the

IUCN Global Standard as the only acceptable infrastructure approach.

It combines the

reliability of engineered systems with the adaptability and benefits of natural

ecosystems, resulting in cost-effective long-term solutions.

Forests are fragmented by

infrastructure projects like roads, housing schemes, and shifting agriculture

Allowing domestic cattle to

roam in protected forest areas also depletes wildlife’s food resources

      ALL are correct

      Unplanned housing projects

are built in the forest areas

Agricultural encroachment

and deforestation for chena (shifting agriculture) lead to additional habitat

loss

The process of evaporating

water from oceans increases precipitation

The melting of ice caps and

glaciers is due to global warming

The movement of water

through the hydrological cycle in a watershed

The contamination of water

bodies by harmful substances degrades water quality

The natural addition of

minerals to groundwater

Connected strips of land or

water that link fragmented habitat patches to allow wildlife movement, genetic

exchange, and migration

Riverine forests cannot be

considered as ecological corridors along the river banks

Linear corridors are long,

uninterrupted strips of vegetation, such as hedges, strips of forest, and the

vegetation growing on banks of rivers and streams

Steppingstone corridors are

a series of small, non-connected habitats that are used to find shelter, food,

or to rest

Three types of corridors

are linear corridors, stepping stone corridors, and landscape corridors

Shallow Ecology

      Anthropocentrism

     None of the above

       Biocentrism

.      

It requires the complete elimination of impervious surfaces

within the urban catchment.

It connects water systems with green infrastructure to

manage water flows naturally through vegetation.

It uses only blue infrastructure (canals and reservoirs) to

manage stormwater, but no green infrastructure serves an aesthetic purpose.

NbS addresses social,

economic, and environmental challenges effectively and adaptively

    A, B, and C are correct

Actions to protect, conserve, restore, sustainably use and

manage natural or modified terrestrial, freshwater, coastal, and marine

ecosystems

NbS simultaneously provides human well-being, ecosystem

services, resilience, and biodiversity benefits

Only A and B are correct

Signed in Paris, France, in

2015

To create a legally binding

treaty for all nations to combat climate change and adapt to its effects

Aim to keep global

temperature rising well below 2°C, preferably 1.5°C, above pre-industrial

levels

Allows an increase in

greenhouse gas emissions for developed countries

Global peaking of emissions

as soon as possible to achieve a net-zero world by 2050