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[EUS] Kalkulatu E with rightwards arrow on top eremuak egindako lana A puntutik B

puntura doan emandako ibilbidean zehar, erloju-orratzen aurkako

noranzkoan (positiboan).

[CAS]

Calcular el trabajo

realizado por el campo

E with rightwards arrow on top desde el punto A

hasta el

punto

B

a lo largo del camino indicado en sentido inverso a

las agujas del reloj (positivo).

E with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses fraction numerator x y over denominator x squared plus y squared end fraction comma fraction numerator x over denominator x squared plus y squared end fraction close parentheses

A equals left parenthesis 3 comma 1 right parenthesis comma space B equals left parenthesis 1 comma 1 right parenthesis

left parenthesis x minus 2 right parenthesis squared plus left parenthesis y minus 1 right parenthesis squared equals 1

Laguntza / Ayuda:

  • Agindu erabilgarriak / comandos útiles: Integrate, NIntegrate, integral subscript a superscript b left parenthesis... right parenthesis d x

  • Funtzio eskalar baten lerro integrala / Integral curvilínea de una función escalar:
 integral subscript C f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis d l equals integral subscript a superscript b f left square bracket x left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma y left parenthesis t right parenthesis right square bracket space square root of x apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared plus y apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared end root d t
  • Funtzio bektorial baten lerro integrala / Integral curvilínea de una función vectorial:
integral subscript C P left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis d x plus Q left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis d y equals integral subscript a superscript b open curly brackets P left square bracket x left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma y left parenthesis t right parenthesis right square bracket space x apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis plus Q left square bracket x left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma y left parenthesis t right parenthesis right square bracket space y apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis space close curly brackets d t

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Izan bedi f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of x cubed plus y squared plus cos open parentheses x space y close parentheses end root end fraction funtzioa. Hurbil ezazu f left parenthesis negative 0.5 comma 0.5 right parenthesis-ren balioa P left parenthesis negative 1 comma 0 right parenthesis puntuko z equals f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis gainazalarekiko plano ukitzailea erabiliz (diferentzialaren bidezko hurbilketa). Zein da hurbilketan egindako errore absolutua?

Laguntza: f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis funtzioaren P left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis puntuko plano ukitzailearen ekuazio ondorengoa da

z equals f left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis plus f subscript x left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis left parenthesis x minus a right parenthesis plus f subscript y left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis left parenthesis y minus b right parenthesis

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Sea la función  f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of x cubed plus y squared plus cos open parentheses x space y close parentheses end root end fraction. Aproximar el valor de f left parenthesis negative 0.5 comma 0.5 right parenthesis utilizando el plano tangente a la superficie z equals f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis en el punto P left parenthesis negative 1 comma 0 right parenthesis. ¿Cuál es el error absoluto cometido en dicha aproximación?

Ayuda: la ecuación del plano tangente a la superficie z equals f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis en el punto P left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis es la siguiente:

z equals f left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis plus f subscript x left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis left parenthesis x minus a right parenthesis plus f subscript y left parenthesis a comma b right parenthesis left parenthesis y minus b right parenthesis

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Kalkula ezazu ondorengo kablearen masa, puntu bakoitzeko dentsitatea f left parenthesis x comma y comma z right parenthesis equals x squared over 5 plus y squared over 10 plus z to the power of 4 over 50 dela jakinik:

Laguntza:

  • Agindu erabilgarriak: Integrate, NIntegrate
  • Funtzio eskalar baten lerro integrala (3D): integral subscript a superscript b f left square bracket x left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma y left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma z left parenthesis t right parenthesis right square bracket space square root of x apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared plus y apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared plus z apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared end root d t

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Calcular la masa del cable de la figura, sabiendo que la densidad en cada punto es f left parenthesis x comma y comma z right parenthesis equals x squared over 5 plus y squared over 10 plus z to the power of 4 over 50:

Ayuda:

  • Comandos útiles: Integrate, NIntegrate
  • Integral curvilínea de una función escalar (3D):  integral subscript a superscript b f left square bracket x left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma y left parenthesis t right parenthesis comma z left parenthesis t right parenthesis right square bracket space square root of x apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared plus y apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared plus z apostrophe left parenthesis t right parenthesis squared end root d t

 

solenoidea

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Zein da f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis equals sin open square brackets x space y space cos open parentheses x space y close parentheses close square brackets funtzioari dagokion gradiente-eremu diagrama?

Agindu erabilgarriak: Plot3D, ContourPlot, VectorPlot, D eta Grad

----------------------

¿Cuál es el campo de gradientes de la función f left parenthesis x comma y right parenthesis equals sin open square brackets x space y space cos open parentheses x space y close parentheses close square brackets?

Comandos útiles:  Plot3D, ContourPlot, VectorPlot, D y Grad

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 \mathbb{r}(t) = (x(t), y(t), z(t)) \mathbb{r}(t) = (x(t), y(t), z(t)) parametrizazioaz definitzen den  C C kurba baten gaineko lerro-integrala honela definitzen da:

 \int_{C}{\overrightarrow{V}\cdot d\overright{\mathbb{r}} = \int_{a}^{b} \overrightarrow{V}(\mathbb{r}(t))\cdot \mathbb{r}'(t)dt} \int_{C}{\overrightarrow{V}\cdot d\overright{\mathbb{r}} = \int_{a}^{b} \overrightarrow{V}(\mathbb{r}(t))\cdot \mathbb{r}'(t)dt}

non a, b \in\mathbb{R}a, b \in\mathbb{R} puntuak tt parametrizazioko aldagaiaren definizio-eremuaren mugak diren, eta  \overrightarrow{V} \overrightarrow{V} kurbako puntu guztietan jarraitua den bektore-eremu bat den. Integral honek,  \overrightarrow{V} \overrightarrow{V} -k, masa bat C C kurba zeharkatzean egituen duen lanaren balioa ematen digu eta ibilbidearen norabidearen menpekoa da.

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Izan bedi esfera baten eta zilindro baten arteko ebakidurak definitzen duen  C C kurba, non esferaren eta zilindroaren ekuazioak ondorengoak diren:

 x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1 x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1 eta  (x - \frac{1}{2})^2 + y^2 = \frac{1}{4} (x - \frac{1}{2})^2 + y^2 = \frac{1}{4}

 

Kalkula ezazu kurbaren parametrizazioa  t\in \[0,2\pi] t\in \[0,2\pi] aldagai baten menpe eta esan zein den aukera zuzena. Horretarako:

  1. Kalkulatu XY planoko  (x(t), y(t)) (x(t), y(t)) parametrizazioa lehenik: zilindroaren oinarriko zirkunferentzia.
  2. Lortu Z aldagaiaren  z(t) z(t) parametrizazioa esferaren ekuazioa erabilita.

 

Esfera eta zilindro baten arteko ebakidura

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Izan bedi  (x(t), y(t), z(t)) (x(t), y(t), z(t)) parametrizazioaz definitzen den  C C kurba, non  t\in \[\alpha, \beta] t\in \[\alpha, \beta] den eta bere bektore ukitzailearen modulua 1 den edozein  (x(t), y(t), z(t)) (x(t), y(t), z(t)) kurbako puntutan. Demagun  C C kurban zehar  F: \mathbb{R}^3 \longrightarrow \mathbb{R} F: \mathbb{R}^3 \longrightarrow \mathbb{R} funtzio jarraitu bat definitua dagoela, puntu bateko masa-dentsitatea definitzen duena. 

Jakinik  C C kurba  F(x,y,z)=k F(x,y,z)=k maila-gainazal batean definitzen dela, kalkulatu  C C kurbaren  M M masa,  k, \beta k, \beta eta  \alpha \alpha balioen menpe.

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Izan bedi  L L jatorrian zentratutako  R R erradiodun zirkunferentzia. Green-en teorema aplikatuta, 

 

 \oint_L{\frac{-y dx + x dx}{x^2+y^2}} =0 \oint_L{\frac{-y dx + x dx}{x^2+y^2}} =0

 

emaitza lortzen da.

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Izan bitez  D \subset \mathb{R}^2 D \subset \mathb{R}^2 eremu itxi bornatu bat mugatzen duen  C C kurba itxia, eta  \overrightarrow{V} = (\mathbb{X}(x,y),\mathbb{Y}(x,y)) \overrightarrow{V} = (\mathbb{X}(x,y),\mathbb{Y}(x,y)) bektore eremu jarraitua  \forall (x,y)\in D \forall (x,y)\in D . Orduan, beteko da:

 

 \oint_{C}{\overrightarrow{V}d\overrightarrow{r}} =0 \oint_{C}{\overrightarrow{V}d\overrightarrow{r}} =0

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