Enhancing dopamine levels within the pre-frontal cortex.

Enhancing 5-HT levels within the pre-frontal cortex.

Decreasing dopamine levels within the mesolimbic pathway.

Inhibiting 5-HT_2A receptor activity within the mesolimbic pathway.

has a dual action where it also antagonises 5-HT_2A receptors.

will only increase levels of 5-HT after an improvement in mood occurs.

can induce ECG changes even at therapeutic doses.

can cause initial increases in anxiety.

5-HT receptors.

muscarinic receptors.

H₁ receptors.

D₂ receptors.

Clozapine is less effective at treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Haloperidol is a pure D₁ receptor antagonist.

Chlorpromazine is associated with potent inhibition of prolactin release.

Risperidone can be associated with weight gain.

SSRIs' initial anxiolytic effects are attributed to their agonist action at 5-HT_2A receptors.

Buspirone decreases 5-HTergic transmission via activation of somatodendritic 5HT_1A receptors.

Benzodiazepines and buspirone are equally efficacious for treating acute anxiety.

Diazepam would be appropriate for individuals with a history of substance abuse.

muscarinic receptors.

5-HT₂ receptors.

D₁ receptors.

nicotinic receptors.

initial increases in anxiety

drowsiness

bradycardia

cheese reaction

5-HT receptor antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway.

more severe extrapyramidal side effects.

D2 receptor activation in the pre-frontal cortex.

relief of negative symptoms.

Its therapeutic effects can partially be attributed to an increase in dopamine levels within the pre-frontal cortex.

It will not cause sedation.

It is less likely to be effective for treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

It tends to induce extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) to a greater degree than haloperidol.